重庆自考网 > 串讲笔记 > 重庆学士学位英语考点归纳(21)
对于most来讲,除了构成某些词最高级外,most的用法有几点需要注意,经常成为
改错题的考点:
1. 当most表示大多数时,之前不加the, 并且有两种形式来表示大多数,分别
为:
most + 名词,如:most people, most Indian tribes;
most + of + 限定词 + 名词或代词,如:most of his paintings,most of us,most of the modern artists
2. most有时意思等同于very, 此时most之前用不定冠词,如:
a most lovely girl, a most impressive proposal
例题:
(1) The most substances expand in volume when they are heated. 应改为:Most
解释:most只有在表示形容词最高级作定语时需加定冠词,此句表示“大多数”,
没必要加the.
Aluminum is the most abundant metal in the crust of the Earth, but the
nonmetals oxygen and silicon are more still abundant. 应改为:still more
解释:程度副词still修饰比较级more时,应置于其前
几点参考规则:
1. 多数副词放在修饰的动词之后,若动词有宾语则放在宾语之后,如:
She sings very well.
I met your uncle(动词的宾语) just now.
I met just now your uncle (错)
2. 副词修饰形容词、介词短语、副词时常放在被修饰成分之前,如:
These two are only slightly different.
right after this, very smoothly
当然,副词enough是一个例外,要放在修饰成分的后面,如:
I am not good enough to do this job. (对)
I am not enough good to do this job. (错)
3. 表示频率的副词常放在实意动词之前,be动词之后,如:
He often/ always/ rarely/seldom/never play(实意动词) tennis.
He is always here at 8’clock. (be动词之后)
4. 部分副词的位置没有一定的规定,原则上接近被修饰词即可,如:
only, even, still, perhaps, etc.考点:程度副词 :still more
解释:程度副词still修饰比较级more时,应置于其前
几点参考规则:
1. 多数副词放在修饰的动词之后,若动词有宾语则放在宾语之后,如:
She sings very well.
I met your uncle(动词的宾语) just now.
I met just now your uncle (错)
2. 副词修饰形容词、介词短语、副词时常放在被修饰成分之前,如:
These two are only slightly different.
right after this, very smoothly 当然,副词enough是一个例外,要放在修饰成分的后面,如:
I am not good enough to do this job. (对)
I am not enough good to do this job. (错)
3. 表示频率的副词常放在实意动词之前,be动词之后,如:
He often/ always/ rarely/seldom/never play(实意动词) tennis.
He is always here at 8’clock. (be动词之后)
4. 部分副词的位置没有一定的规定,原则上接近被修饰词即可,如:
only, even, still, perhaps, etc.
第四节 容易混淆的词
hard (努力,副词) -hardly (几乎不,副词)
close (接近,形容词) -closely(接近,副词)
near (接近,形容词) -nearly (几乎,副词), nearby (adj.邻近的)
most (大多数的,形容词) -mostly(主要地,大部分 副词)
late (迟、晚,形容词) -lately (最近,副词),later(adv稍后的)
high (高的,形容词) -highly (adv. 非常,大大的) 另外: friendly(友好的), lovely(可爱的、有趣的),尽管词尾有ly, 但是都是形容词作主语:不定式短语可作主语
如:To see is to believe (百闻不如一见)
To work hard should be your major concern.
注意:由于英文不习惯句子主语过长,不定式主语常被形式主语it所代替(详见第
十七章)
例如上面第二句可以变为: It should be your major concern to work hard. 又如: It is very nice of you to help me
不定式常接在名词之后作定语,如:
something to read, nothing to do, anything to declare,
a lot to complain of, the right person to talk to, etc.
由上述例子不难看出不定式和被修饰词间有动宾关系,因此不及物动词之后必须加
上相搭配的介词(例如上面的complain + of, talk +to)
不定式定语还可表示将来的含义,如:in the years to follow, the meeting to
be held in June
独立主格的主语和句子主语不一致
如:(With) His mouth filled with water, he couldn’t utter a word. (独立
主格)对于分词来讲其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语保持一致:Filling his mouth with water, he couldn’t utter a word.
在TOEFL考试中,经常混淆反身代词的写法,结尾的-self和-selves经常故意写错
反身代词的用法
可以用来做宾语: He hurt himself when he fell.
可以用来做表语: He is not quite himself today. (他今天有些不舒服)
反身代词经常放在名词或者代名词的后面来进行强调, 表示“亲自”的意思
I myself do it.
I do it myself.
They made the research themselves.
但是不能够说:Himself does it. 应改为: He does it.
This is himself’s book.. 应改为:This is his own book..
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